| Summary: | While the world continues to expand and globalize, the rise of agroforestry (AF) is seen as an opportunity to strike a balance between production and environmental preservation. Hence, a comprehensive policy and legal framework is required to address issues and challenges related to AF ecosystem management, such as improving good governance, removing legal and constitutional constraints, interagency coordination and cooperation, roles and responsibilities of relevant stakeholders, and community participation and engagement. Notably, six key principles of AF ecosystem policy and legal framework are proposed, including clear definition, scope, and limitations; sustainable AF ecosystem management; AF as a strategy for land use production systems; addressing AF issues and challenges; comprehensive policy and legal framework; and advancing AF on the policy agenda. A complete policy and legislative framework are necessary for supporting successful AF ecosystem management as a reference and guide for all stakeholders in developing land use production systems while assuring environmental sustainability. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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